Stock Collection: 5,000 - 15,000 photos

General Subject Areas: Plants, flowers, nature, cultivated and wild flowers, herbs, medicinal plants, trees, fibers, poisonous plants, food and useful plants, landscapes

Books / Publication Credits: Phytopharmaka Kompendium in 1992, many publications in German and Swiss textbooks, scientific and pharmaceutical industry publications

Geographic Coverage: Switzerland, Britain, Spain, France, Greece, Southern United States, Costa Rica, Ecuador, West Indies (Grenada, St. Grenada, St. Vincent, St. Lucia), Hawaii, Australia, Thailand, Nepal, Hong Kong, Mauritius, South Africa, Namibia.

Future Travel: Turkey, China

Other services: Beat Ernst, biologist and plant photographer specialist has been in business for more than 12 years in Europe. On-line database with 10,000 images to choose from, each retrievable by the plant's scientific or common name. Plants from around the world.Conviniently order images on-line, or by fax, email or telephone. Shipped zip disks, CDs, email-delivery.

Typical Stock Photo Examples:
plants, herbal, medicinal and aromatic plants, flowers, nature, garden, trees, cultivated and wild flowers, remedy, Homeopathy, poisonous plants, Chinese Medicine, Bach flowers, decorative and useful plants, fields, branches, woods, leaves, berries, vegetables, fruits, spices, food, nutrition, fragrance, seasoning, cooking, culinary, immune system, drugs, wellness, well-being, natural dyes, medical phyto therapy, Indian Medicine, Ayurveda, herbal tea, aroma therapy, carbon hydrates, protein, fats, grease, oils, salads, nuts, perfume and cosmetics, stimulants, fuels, technical oils, fibers, tannins, elastomers, gums, waxes, resins, balsams, lacquers, insectisides, fuels, technical oils, white, yellow, orange, red, purple, violet, blue, green blossoms, leaf form, leaf nerve, roots, rhizome, trunk, bark, sprout, buds, seeds, spring plants, autumnal atmoshperes, background images,
microscopic images, twinners, bushes, shrubs, herbaceous plants, colours, succulents, water plants, forests, tropical forests, grasslands, arid lands, wet lands, mountains, shore vegetation, field cultivation, sowing, care, harvest, transport, processiong, fodder plants
Abelmoschus esculentus/Lady's finger/ Okra
Abelmoschus manihot/Sunset Hibiscus/ Hibiscus root
Abelmoschus moschatus Ambrette seed plant, Musk mallow
Abies alba Common or European silver fir
Abies balsamea American silver fir, Balsam fir
Abies grandis Grand or giant fir
Abies nordmanniana Nordmann's fir, Caucasian fir
Abies sibirica Sibirian silver fir
Abroma augusta Perennial Indian Hemp, Devil's Cotton
Abutilon theophrasti Indian Mallow, Velvet leaf
Acacia catechu Cutch tree, Catechu
Acacia cyanophylla
Acacia dealbata Silver wattle
Acacia farnesiana Cassie-oil plant, Sweet acacia
Acacia pycnatha
Acacia spec.
Acalypha hispida Cattail, Chenille plant
Acanthopanax trifoliatus
Acanthosicyos horridus Nara
Acanthosicyos naudiniana Gemsbok cucumber, Herero melon
Acanthus mollis
Acca sellowiana (= Feijoa sellowiana) Pineapple Guava
Acer campestre Field or Hedge Maple
Acer platanoides Norway Maple
Acer pseudoplatanus Sycamore Maple
Acer saccharum Sugar Maple
Achillea millefolium Blood wort, Milfoil, Yarrow
Achillea ptarmica Sneezewort
Acokanthera oppositifolia Common poisonbush
Aconitum napellus Monkshood, Friar's cap, Helmet flower
Aconitum variegatum
Aconitum vulparia (= A. lycoctonum) Yellow wolf's bane
Acorus calamus Sweet Flag
Acorus gramineus
Acronychia pedunculata
Actinidia arguta Japanese Gooseberry
Actinidia chinensis (= A. deliciosa) Chinese Goosberry
Adansonia digitata
Adenium obesum Desert rose
Adiantum capillus-veneris Maiden hair, Ladies hair
Adonis aestivalis Rose-a-rubie, red morocco, ox-eye
Adonis vernalis Spring Adonis, Pheasant's eye
Aegle marmelos bel, bael, Holy fruit tree
Aegopodium podagraria Ash-weed, Bishops weed
Aesculus carnea x Red horse chestnut
Aesculus hippocastanum Horse chestnut
Aethusa cynapium Dog parsley, garden hemlock
Agastache foeniculum
Agathis australis Cowdie Pine, Kauri
Agathis dammara Ambiona pitch tree
Agathosma betulina (= Barosma betulina) Buchu, round leaf buchu
Agave americana Century plant
Agave sisalana Sisal
Aglaonema commutatum
Agrimonia eupatoria Liverwort
Agrimonia pilosa
Agropyron repens (= Elymus repens) Couch grass, quitch or quack grass, quicken
Agrostemma githago Corn Cockle
Ailanthus altissima Tree of heaven
Ajuga pyramidalis
Ajuga reptans Common bugle
Akebia quinata Five-leaflet Akebia
Alcea rosea Hollyhock, rose mallow
Alchemilla alpina
Alchemilla mollis
Alchemilla vulgaris Lady's mantle
Aleurites moluccana Candlenut, Belgaum or Indian Walnut
Alisma plantago-aquatica
Alkanna tinctoria Alkanna
Alliaria petiolata Garlic mustard, hedge garlic
Allium cepa Onion
Allium cepa var. ascalonicum Shallot
Allium fistulosum Welsh or japanese bunching onion
Allium porrum Leek
Allium porrum var. sectivum (= A. proliferum, A. ampeloprasum) Levant Garlic
Allium rotundum
Allium sativum Garlic
Allium schoenoprasum Chives
Allium tuberosum Chinese Chives
Allium ursinum Bear's garlic
Allium victorialis
Alnus glutinosa Black alder
Alnus viridis
Alocasia macrorrhiza Giant Taro
Aloe arborescens Candelabra aloe
Aloe ferox Cape aloe, bitter aloe
Aloe succotrina Aloe
Aloe vera (= A. barbadensis) Barbados aloe, Curacao aloe
Alpinia calcarata India Galangal
Alpinia galanga Greater Galangal, Java Galangal
Alpinia officinarum Lesser Galangal
Alpinia purpurata Gingerlily
Alpinia speciosa Shell Ginger
Althea officinalis Marsh Mallow


Amanita muscaria Fly Agaric
Amaranthus albus
Amaranthus caudatus ssp. caudatus
Amaranthus caudatus ssp. mantegazzianus Amaranth
Amaranthus cruentus
Amaranthus hybridus Prince's Feather, Smooth pigweed
Amaranthus lividus
Amaranthus tricolor Chinese Spinach
Ambrosia artemisifolia (= A. elatior) Ragweed, roman wormwood
Amelanchier ovalis
Ammi visnaga Khella
Amorphophallus konjac Konjaku
Anacamptis pyramidalis
Anacardium occidentale Cashewnut tree
Anacyclus pyrethrum Roman or spanish pellitory
Anagallis arvensis Bird's eye, common pimpernel
Ananas bracteatus
Ananas comosus Pineapple
Anchusa azurea
Anchusa officinalis Alkanet
Andromeda polifolia
Androsace maxima
Androsace maxima
Anemone blanda
Anemone nemorosa Grove windflower, Wood anemone
Anemone ranunculoides
Anethum graveolens Dill
Angelica archangelica Angelica
Anigozanthos flavidus
Annona cherimola Cherimoya
Annona muricata Soursop
Annona reticulata Bullock's heart
Annona squamosa Sweetsop, custard apple, Sugar apple
Antennaria dioica
Anthemis cotula Dog fennel, Wild chamomile, Mayweed
Anthemis tinctoria
Anthriscus cerefolium Salad Chervil
Anthriscus sylvestris
Anthurium cultorum x
Anthurus archeri
Anthyllis barba-jovis
Anthyllis vulneraria Kidney vetch
Antirrhinum majus
Apium graveolens Celery
Apocynum cannabinum Dogbane, Indian Hemp, Amy-root
Aquilaria sinensis Chinese Eaglewood
Aquilegia vulgaris Capon's feather, columbine
Arabidopsis thaliana
Arachis hypogea Peanut, Groundnut
Aralia mandshurica (syn. chinensis) Aralia
Aralia racemosa Aralia, Spikenard
Araucaria bidwillii Bunya pine
Araucaria spec.
Arbutus unedo Arbute, Strawberry tree
Arctium lappa Barbane, great burr, great burdock
Arctostaphylos uva-ursi Bearsgrape, Bearberry
Ardisia crenata
Ardisia quinquegona
Areca catechu Arecanut tree, Betelnut tree
Arenga pinnata Sugar palm, gomuti palm
Argemone mexicana Mexican poppy, Prickly poppy
Arisaema tortuosum
Arisaema triphyllum Indian Turnip, Jack-in-the-pulpit
Aristolochia arborea
Aristolochia clematitis Birthwort
Armoracia rusticana (= A. lapathifolia) Horseradish
Arnica chamissonis Leafy Arnica
Arnica montana Celtic bane, Mountain Arnica
Arracacia xanthorrhiza Peruvian parsnip
Arrhenatherum elatius Tall Oat Grass
Artemisia abrotanum Ladies love, Southernwood
Artemisia absinthium Wormwood
Artemisia afra African wormwood
Artemisia annua Annual Wormwood, Sweet Annie
Artemisia arborescens
Artemisia dracunculus Esdragon, Wild or russian tarragon
Artemisia herba-alba
Artemisia pontica
Artemisia vulgaris Bulwand Wormwood, Mugwort
Artocarpus altilis (=communis) Breadfruit, Breadnut
Artocarpus heterophyllus Jackfruit
Artocarpus integer (= A. champeden) Champedak
Arum italicum
Arum maculatum Adder's root, cuckoo pint
Aruncus dioicus Goat's beard
Arundina chinensis
Asarum canadense Canada Snake-root, Wild ginger
Asarum europaeum European Snake-root, Asarabacca
Asclepias curassavica
Asclepias syriaca Common milkweed, silkweed, wild cotton
Aspalathus linearis Rooibos tea, red bush tea
Asparagus officinalis Asparagus
Asperula tinctoria
Asphodelus albus Asphodel, daffodil
Asphodelus fistulosus Asphodel, daffodil
Asphodelus ramosus Asphodel, daffodil, day lily
Asplenium ruta-muraria
Aster amellus
Astragalus glycyphyllos
Astragalus spec.
Astrantia major Large Astrantia
Athamanta cretensis
Atriplex hortensis Garden Orache
Atropa bella-donna Banewort
Avena sativa Oat
Averrhoa bilimbi Cucumber tree
Averrhoa carambola Carambola Apple
Azadirachta indica (= Melia oder Antelaea azadirachta) Neem tree, Indian lilac
Backhousia citriodora Lemon myrtle
Bactris gasipaÎs (= Guilielma gasipaÎs) Peach palm
Ballota nigra Black hemp-nettle, stinking horehound
Bambusa vulgaris Bamboo
Phyllostachys spec. Bamboo species
Banisteriopsis caapi Caapi, yaje, yagÈ, nepe, natema (Lokalnamen)
Baptisia australis Blue false indigo
Barbarea vulgaris Winter Cress
Basella alba Indian or Malabar spinach
Bauhinia spec.
Bellis perennis Daisy
Benincasa hispida Wax gourd
Berberis vulgaris Barberry
Berteroa incana
Beschorneria yuccoides
Beta vulgaris ssp. maritima
Beta vulgaris var. altissima Sugar beet
Beta vulgaris var. cicla Foliage Beet
Beta vulgaris var. rapacea
Beta vulgaris var. vulgaris Garden beet, Beetroot, Red Beet
Betonica officinalis (= Stachys officinalis) Betony, bishopswort
Betula pendula Common or Silver Birch
Betula pubescens White Birch of Europe
Bidens pilosa Beggar ticks, shepherds or spanish needles
Bixa orellana Arnota plant, Annatto plant
Blechnum spicant
Blighia sapida Akee
Boehmeria cylindria
Boehmeria nivea Ramie
Bombax ceiba Silk or Red cotton tree
Boophane disticha (= Buphane, Boˆphone) Bushman poison bulb, Candelabra flower
Borago officinalis Borage
Borassus flabellifer (= B. aethiopum) African fan palm
Boswellia sacra (= B. carteri) Frankincense
Bougainvillea spec.
Bowiea kilimandscharica Bowiea
Brassica chinensis (= B. rapa ssp. chinensis) Chinese white cabbage
Brassica napus var. napus Rape
Brassica nigra True mustard
Brassica oleracea Wild Cabbage
Brassica oleracea var. botrytis Cauliflower
Brassica oleracea var. capitata Cabbage
Brassica oleracea var. capitata Cabbage
Brassica oleracea var. gemmifera Brussels Sprouts
Brassica oleracea var. gongylodes Kohlrabi
Brassica oleracea var. italica Sprouting Broccoli
Brassica oleracea var. medullosa
Brassica oleracea var. sabauda Savoy Cabbage
Brassica oleracea var. sabellica Kale, Collard
Brassica rapa ssp. rapa f. teltowiensis
Brassica rapa var. sylvestris (= var. oleifera) Turnip Rape, Bird's Rape, Naven
Brassica rapa var. toria (= B. campestris var. toria) Toria, Indian Rape
Breynia fruticosa
Briza media

Bromus erectus
Broussonetia papyrifera Paper Mulberry
Brownea macrophylla
Brugmansia flava x Angel's trumpet
Brugmansia sanguinea Angel's trumpet
Brugmansia suaveolens f. rosa Angel's trumpet
Bryonia alba Devil's Turnip
Bryonia dioica (= B. cretica) Red Bryony
Buddleja davidii
Buglossoides arvensis
Bunium bulbocastanum Great Pignut, Black Sira
Bupleurum falcatum
Bupleurum fruticosum
Bupleurum rotundifolia
Bursera graveolens Incense tree
Bursera microphylla Elephant tree, torote
Bursera simaruba Gumbo Limbo, almacigo, torchwood
Butomus umbellatus
Buxus sempervirens Box tree
Byrsonima crassifolia Golden spoon
Caesalpinia sappan Sappan wood, Brazil wood
Cajanus cajan Pigeon pea, Red gram, Congo pea
Calamintha nepeta
Calamus ciliaris Rattan cane
Calamus longipinna Rattan cane
Calamus spec. Rattan cane
Calendula arvensis Field Marygold
Calendula officinalis Common or Garden Marygold
Calla palustris Water arum, wild calla
Callistemon speciosus
Callitris columellaris White cypress pine (Pine gum)
Calluna vulgaris Common or White Heather
Calotropis gigantea Giant milk weed, Swallow wort, Mudar
Caltha palustris Buttercup, Cowslip, Marsh marigold
Calystegia sepium Bindweed, bearbind
Camelina sativa
Camellia japonica
Camellia oleifera (= C. sasanqua) Oil Tea, Teaseed
Camellia sinensis Tea plant
Campanula patula
Campanula rapunculoides
Campanula rapunculus
Campanula trachelium
Cananga odorata Ylang-Ylang
Canavalia ensiformis Jack bean
Canella winteriana Bastard or white cinnamon
Canna edulis Edible canna, Queensland arrowroot
Canna indica Indian shot
Cannabis sativa Hemp, Indian Hemp
Cantharellus cibarius
Capparis spinosa Capers
Capsella bursa-pastoris Mother's heart, Shepherd's purse
Capsicum annuum Chillies, Long or Red Chillies, Sweet Peppers
Capsicum frutescens Bird chillies, Cayenne
Cardamine hirsuta
Cardamine pratensis
Cardaminopsis arenosa ssp. borbasii
Cardiospermum halicacabum Balloon-vine, Heart's pea
Carduus crispus
Carduus defloratus
Carex acutiformis
Carex elata
Carex montana
Carex pendula
Carex sempervirens
Carica papaya Papaya, Papaw tree, Pawpaw
Carica pubescens Papaya
Carissa macrocarpa Natal plum, big num-num
Carlina acaulis Carline Thistle
Carludovica palmata Screwpine, Panama hat plant, Paja toquilla (span.)
Carpinus betulus Common or European Hornbeam
Carpobrotus acinaciformis
Carpobrotus edulis Sour fig
Carthamus tinctorius Safflower, Bastard saffron
Carum carvi Cumin, Caraway
Carya illinoinensis Pecan tree
Caryota urens
Casimiroa edulis White Sapote
Cassia alata Candlestick Cassia, Ringworm bush
Cassia angustifolia Indian senna
Cassia fistula Golden Shower, Indian Laburnum, Pudding pipe tree
Cassia tora Foetid cassia
Castanea sativa Sweet Chestnut
Casuarina equisetifolia Horsetail
Catalpa bignonioides Indian Bean, Southern Catalpa
Catha edulis Kath, Abyssinian Tea
Catharanthus roseus Madagascar periwinkle
Cavanillesia platanifolia
Ceanothus americanus American Ceanothus, Redroot
Cecropia spec.
Cedrus atlantica Cedar, Atlas; Atlantic Cedar
Cedrus doedara Deodar
Cedrus libani Cedar of Lebanon
Ceiba pentandra Silk cotton tree
Centaurea cyanus Blaver, Cornflower
Centaurea jacea
Centaurea montana
Centaurium erythraea Common or Pink Centaury
Centella asiatica Hydrocotyle, Indian pennywort
Centranthus ruber Red-spur valerian, delicate bess
CephaÎlis ipecacuanha Ipecac
Ceratonia siliqua Locust Bean, St. John's Bread
Ceratostigma willmottiana Cerato
Cerbera manghas (= C. odollam) Odallum tree, Dog-bane
Cereus giganteus (= Carnegia gigantea) Saguaro, Sahuaro, Giant cactus
Cetraria islandica Iceland moss
Chaenorrhinum minus
Chaerophyllum bulbosum Turnip-rooted chervil
Chamaerops humilis Mediterranean Palm, Dwarf Fan Palm
Chamomaelum nobile (= Anthemis nobilis) Roman or Noble Chamomile
Cheiranthus cheiri Gilliflower, Wallflower
Chelidonium majus Devil's Milk, Rock Poppy, Celandine
Chenopodium album Lamb's quarters, White goosefoot
Chenopodium ambrosioides Jesuit's tea, american wormseed
Chenopodium bonus-henricus
Chenopodium giganteum (= Ch. amoranticolor)
Chenopodium polyspermum
Chenopodium quinoa Pigweed
Chrysophyllum cainito Star apple, golden leaf
Cibotium borometz Lamb of Tartary
Cicer arietinum Chick pea, Bengal gram
Cicerbita alpina
Cichorium endivia Endive
Cichorium endivia var. crispa
Cichorium intybus Chicory, Endive
Cichorium intybus var. foliosum
Cicuta virosa Cowbane, european water hemlock
Cimicifuga racemosa (= Actaea racemosa) Black snakeroot, Bugbane, Black cohosh
Cinchona officinalis (= C. calysaya) Ledger or yellow Cinchona, Quinine bark
Cinchona pubescens (= C. succirubra) Red Cinchona
Cinnamomum aromaticum (= C. cassia) Chinese cassia, Chinese cinnamon
Cinnamomum burmanii Batavia cassia, Padang cinnamon
Cinnamomum camphora Camphor laurel, Camphor tree
Cinnamomum verum Cinnamon
Circaea lutetiana
Cirsium arvense Canada or corn thistle
Cirsium spinosissimum
Cistus incanus ssp. creticus
Cistus ladanifer Ladanum
Cistus laurifolius
Citrullus colocynthis Colocynth, Bitter apple
Citrullus lanatus Tsamma, wild watermelon
Citrullus lanatus ssp. vulgaris Watermelon
Citrus aurantiifolia Lime
Citrus aurantium Bitter Orange, Seville
Citrus aurantium var. myrtiifolia Chinotto, Chinoise
Citrus hystrix Leech lime, kaffir lime
Citrus limon Lemon
Citrus madurensis Calamondin
Citrus maxima Shaddock, Pomelo
Citrus medica Citron
Citrus paradisi Grapefruit
Citrus reticulata (= C. nobilis) Mandarin, Tangerine
Citrus sinensis Orange
Clausena lansium
Claviceps purpurea (Secale cornutum) Ergot, Mother of Rye
Clematis patens x lanuginosa
Clematis recta Upright Virgin's Bower
Clematis vitalba Clematis

Clerodendrum japonicum Pagoda Flower
Clerodendrum ugandese
Clitoria ternatea Clitoria
Clivia miniata
Clusia rosea
Cnicus benedictus Blessed Thistle
Coccoloba uvifera
Cochlearia officinalis Spoonwort
Cocos nucifera Coconut tree
Codonopsis lanceolata
Coffea arabica Coffee, Arabian coffee
Coffea canephora (syn. C. robusta) Coffee
Coix lacryma-jobi Job's Tears
Cola nitida Cola nut tree
Colchicum autumnale Autumn Crocus, Meadow Saffron
Collinsonia canadensis Horse-balm, Rich-weed, Stoneroot
Colocasia esculenta Taro, Old Cocoyam, Dasheen, Eddoe
Colutea arborescens Bladder nut tree
Commiphora africana Myrrh
Commiphora spec. Myrrh
Commiphora wildii
Conium maculatum Spotted Hemlock, Poison Parsley
Consolida regalis (= Delphinium consolida) Larkspur
Consolida spec.
Convallaria majalis May Lily, Lily of the valley
Convolvulus arvensis Field bindweed
Conyza canadensis Canada Fleabane, Horseweed
Copernicia prunifera (= C. cerifera) Carnauba wax palm, Brazilian wax palm
Corchorus capsularis White Jute
Corchorus olitorius Tossa Jute
Cordyline fruticosa Ti
Coreopsis tinctoria
Coriandrum sativum Coriander
Cornus mas Cornel tree
Cornus sanguinea Bloody twig, Common Dogwood
Coronilla coronata
Coronilla emerus (= Hippocrepis)
Coronilla varia
Corydalis lutea Yellow Fumitory
Corydalis solida (= C. bulbosa)
Corylus avellana Hazel
Corylus maxima Hazel
Corypha umbraculifera Talipot palm
Costus afer Ginger lily
Costus megblobractea
Costus speciosus
Cotinus coggygria (= Rhus cotinus)
Cotoneaster spec. Cotoneaster
Cotyledon orbiculata Pig's ear
Couroupita guianensis Canonball tree
Crambe maritima Seakale
Crataegus laevigata Hawthorne
Crataegus monogyna Common Hawthorne
Craterellus corncopioides
Crepis biennis
Crescentia alata Calabash tree
Crescentia cujete Calabash tree
Crithmum maritimum
Crocus sativus Saffron
Crocus tommasinianus
Crotalaria capensis
Crotalaria incana Fuzzy rattlebox
Croton lechleri
Croton tiglium Purging Croton
Cryptostegia madacascariensis Madacascar rubber vine
Cucumis dipsaceus Hedgehog gourd, teasel gourd, tiger's egg
Cucumis melo var. cantalupa Melon
Cucumis melo var. melitensis Melon, Honey dew
Cucumis melo var. reticulata Melon
Cucumis sativus Cucumber
Cucurbita ficifolia
Cucurbita maxima Winter Squash, Red Gourd Pumpkin
Cucurbita moschata Seminole Pumpkin
Cucurbita pepo Summer Squash, Pumpkin
Cucurbita pepo convar. ?
Cucurbita pepo convar. giromontiina
Cupressus sempervirens Italian Cypress
Curcuma longa (= C. domestica) Tumeric
Curcuma xanthorrhiza Curcuma, temu lawak
Curcuma zedoaria Zedoary
Cuscuta epilinum
Cycas circinalis Cycas
Cycas revoluta
Cyclamen hederifolium (=linearifolium) Ivy-leafed Cyclamen, sowbread
Cyclamen purpurascens
Cyclopia spec. Honeybush tea
Cydonia oblonga Quince
Cymbalaria muralis
Cymbopogon citratus West Indian Lemon grass
Cymbopogon nardus Ceylon Citronella
Cymbopogon winterianus Java Citronella, Winter's grass
Cynara cardunculus Cardoon
Cynara scolymus Artichoke
Cynoglossum officinale Dog's Tongue, Gypsy Flower
Cyperus alternifolius
Cyperus esculentus var. sativus Chufa
Cyperus papyrus
Cyperus textilis
Cyphomondra betacea Tree Tomato
Cypripedium calceolus Yellow lady's-slipper, yellow moccasin-flower
Cystopteris fragilis
Cytisus scoparius (= Sarothamnus scoparius) Broom
Dactylis glomerata Cocksfoot or Orchard Grass
Dahlia hybr.
Dahlia pinnata
Dalbergia sissoo Indian Rosewood, Sissoo
Daphne mezereum Spurge laurel or flax, mezereon
Datisca cannabina
Datura metel Thorn apple
Datura stramonium Thorn apple, Devil's apple, Jimsonweed
Datura wrightii
Daucus carota Carrot
Davidia involucrata
Deherainia smaragdina
Delonix regia Flamboyant
Delphinium exaltatum
Delphinium staphisagria Stavesacre
Dendranthema indicum
Dendrobum spec.
Dendrocalamus spec.
Dentaria heptaphylla
Derris elliptica Jewelvine, Tuba root
Dianella ensifolia
Dianthus barbatus
Dianthus carthusianorum
Dianthus caryophyllus
Dictamnus albus Dittany
Dieffenbachia seguine Dumbcane, Poison Arum
Digitalis grandiflora Foxglove
Digitalis lanata Foxglove
Digitalis lutea Foxglove
Digitalis purpurea Purple Foxglove, Fairy Fingers
Digitaria sanguinalis
Dillenia indica Chalta
Dimocarpus longan (= Euphoria longana) Longan
Dionaea muscipula
Dioon edule
Dioscorea spec. Yam
Dioscorea villosa
Diospyros kaki Persimmon
Diospyros lotus
Dipladenia sanderi (= Mandevilla)
Diplotaxis muralis
Diplotaxis tenuifolia
Dipsacus fullonum Barber's Brush, Card Thistle
Draba aizoides
Dracaena draco
Dracunculus vulgaris Dragoon's root
Drimys winteri Winters bark
Drosera intermedia Sundew
Drosera rotundifolia Round-leaved Sundew
Dryas octopetala Mountain Avens
Dryopteris filix-mas Male Fern
Duboisia myoporoides Corkwood
Duranta repens Golden Dewdrops
Durio zibethinus Durian
Ecballium elaterium
Echinacea angustifolia Narrow Leaved Coneflower
Echinacea pallida Pale Coneflower
Echinacea purpurea Purple Coneflower
Echinochloa crus-galli
Echinochloa frumentacea Japanese Barnyard Millet
Echium vulgare
Echlonia maxima Giant kelp
Eclipta prostrata Trailing eclipta
Edgeworthia chrysantha (= E. papyrifera)
Eichhornia crassipes Water hyacinth
Elaeis guineensis Oil palm
Eleocharis dulcis (=E. tuberosa) Chinese water chesnut
Elettaria cardamomum Cardamom
Eleusine coracana Finger Millet, Ragi
Eleutherococcus senticosus (= Acanthopanax senticosus) Siberian ginseng
Elsholtzia ciliata
Ensete ventricosum
Ephedra helvetica (= E. distachya) Ephedra
Epilobium hirsutum Willow herb
Epilobium parviflorum Willow-herb
Epimedium alpinum
Epimeredi indica
Equisetum arvense Horse-tail, horse willow, toadpipe
Equisetum fluviatile
Equisetum hyemale Dutch or polishing rush, shave grass
Equisetum palustre
Equisetum sylvaticum
Equisetum telmateia (= E. maximum)
Eranthis hyemalis
Erica tetralix Cross-leaved heath
Erigeron annuus
Eriobotrya japonica Loquat
Eriophorum angustifolium
Eriophorum latifolium
Eriophorum vaginatum
Eruca sativa (= vesicaria ssp. sativa)
Erucastrum nasturtiifolium
Eryngium alpinum
Eryngium campestre Field Eryngo
Erysimum cheiranthoides
Erythroxylum coca Coca tree
Eschscholzia californica California Poppy
Espeletia hartwegiana
Euanthe sanderana
Eucalyptus citriodora Lemon-scented gum
Eucalyptus cneorifolia Kangaroo Island narrow-leaved mallee
Eucalyptus deglupta Mindanao gum tree
Eucalyptus globulus Blue gum
Eucalyptus macarthurii Camden Woollybutt
Eucalyptus smithii Gully gum, Blackbutt pepermint
Eucyclia spec.
Eugenia stipitata
Eugenia uniflora Surinam cherry
Euonymus europaea Gadrose, burning bush, fusanum, gatter
Eupatorium cannabinum Hemp Agrimony, Holy Rope
Eupatorium perfoliatum Common Thoroughwort, Indian Sage, Boneset
Euphorbia amygdaloides
Euphorbia cyparissias Spurge
Euphorbia lathyris
Euphorbia milii Crown of Thorns
Euphorbia pulcherrima
Euphorbia virosa
Euphrasia rostkoviana Eyebright
Euterpe oleracea
Evodia lepta
Fagopyrum esculentum Buckwheat
Fagopyrum tataricum Buckwheat
Fagus sylvatica European Beech
Farfugium japonicum (=Senecio kaempferi)
Fargesia murielae (=Sinarundinaria)
Ferocactus wislizenii Barrel cactus, fishhook barrel
Ferula communis Giant fennel
Ferula tingitana
Ficus aspera
Ficus benghalensis Banyan, Borhar
Ficus benjamina
Ficus carica Fig
Ficus cyathistipula
Ficus elastica
Ficus microcarpa Chinese fic tree
Ficus preussii
Ficus religiosa Pipal, Bo
Filipendula ulmaria (= Spiraea ulmaria) Meadowsweet
Foeniculum vulgare Fennel
Forsythia intermedia x
Fortunella japonica Marumi Kumquat
Fortunella margarita Oval Kumquat
Fragaria vesca (= Fragaria x ananassa) Strawberry
Fragaria vesca (ssp. vesca) Wild Strawberry
Frangula alnus (= Rhamnus frangula) Alder Buckthorn
Fraxinus americana White ash, Cane ash
Fraxinus excelsior Common Ash
Fraxinus ornus Manna ash, Flowering ash
Freesia Hybr.
Fritillaria meleagris
Fuchsia spec.
Fucus vesiculosus Black Tang, Bladder Fucus
Fumaria officinalis Common Fumitory
Furcraea andina
Furcraea foetida Mauritius Hemp
Galanthus nivalis Snowdrop
Galega officinalis Common Goats Rues
Galeopsis angustifolia
Galeopsis segetum Hemp Nettle
Galinsoga ciliata
Galium mollugo
Galium odoratum Sweet Woodruff
Galium verum (= G. luteum) Cheese Rennet, Yellow Galium
Galphimia glauca (= Thryalis glauca)
Garcinia mangostana Mangosteen
Gardenia jasminoides (= G. augusta)
Gaulnettya wisteyensis x
Gaultheria procumbens Wintergreen, checkerberry, boxberry, teaberry
Gelsemium elegans
Genista tinctoria Dyers Weed

Gentiana acaulis
Gentiana asclepiadea
Gentiana lutea Bitter Wort, Common or Great Yellow Gentian
Gentiana orbicularis
Gentiana purpurea
Gentianella germanica
Geranium columbinum
Geranium molle
Geranium robertianum Dragons Blood, Herb Robert or Robin
Geranium sanguineum Blood-dock
Geranium sylvaticum
Geum coccinea
Geum rivale (= Caryophyllata aquatica) Water or purple Avens
Geum urbanum (= Caryophyllata officinalis) Avens
Ginkgo biloba Maidenhair tree
Gladiolus communis
Gladiolus hybr.
Glaucium flavum
Glechoma hederacea Ground Ivy
Glechoma longituba Hairy Gerbera
Globularia cordifolia
Globularia punctata
Glochidion eriocarpum
Gloriosa superba Malabar glory lily
Glycine max Soybean
Glycyrrhiza echinata
Glycyrrhiza glabra (= Liquiritia officinalis) Licorice, Liquorice
Gossypium hirsutum Cotton
Gratiola officinalis Hedge hyssop
Grindelia robusta Gumweed, august flower
Guajacum officinale Guaiacum
Guizotia abyssinica Niger seed
Gymnadenia conopsea
Gypsophila paniculata Baby's breath, maiden's breath, tall gypsophyll
Haematoxylum campechianum Logwood
Hamamelis virginiana Witch Hazel
Harpagophytum procumbens Devils claw, grapple plant
Hedera helix Common Ivy, Bindwood
Hedychium spicatum
Helianthemum nummularium Rock rose
Helianthus annuus Sunflower
Helianthus tuberosus Topinambur
Helichrysum angustifolium (= H. italicum) Curryseal
Helichrysum arenarium Eternal flower, sandy immortelles, goldilocks
Helichrysum stoechas
Helleborus foetidus Stinking Hellebore
Helleborus niger Black or Christ Hellebore
Helleborus orientalis Hellebore
Helleborus viridis Bear's Foot
Hemerocallis citrina
Hepatica nobilis Liver-leave, Early Anemone
Heracleum mantegazzianum Giant Hogweed
Heracleum sphondylium ssp. alpinum Hogweed
Hermannia amabilis
Hermodactylis tuberosus
Herniaria glabra Herniary, Flax Weed, Repturewort
Hesperis matronalis
Hevea brasiliensis Hevea, Para rubber tree
Hibiscus cannabinus Kenaf
Hibiscus rosa-sinensis Shoe-flower plant, Chinese hibiscus
Hibiscus sabdariffa var. sabdariffa Roselle, Red Sorrel
Hibiscus trionum
Hieracium amplexicaule
Hieracium humile
Hieracium pilosella
Hippeastrum hybr.
Hippocrepis comosa
Hippomane mancinella Manchineel, Beach or shore apple, poison guava or apple
HippophaÎ rhamnoides Sea Buckthorn
Hippuris vulgaris
Hordeum spontaneum Barley
Hordeum vulgare Barley
Hordeum vulgare convar. distichon Barley
Humulus lupulus Hops
Hura crepitans Hura wood, monkey pistol, sandbox tree
Hyacinthus orientalis Oriental hyacinth
Hydnocarpus anthelmintica Chaulmoogra tree, spongeberry
Hydrangea spec.
Hydrastis canadensis Orange or Yellow root, Golden Seal
Hylocereus spec. Strawberry pear
Hyoscyamus niger Black henbane
Hypericum perforatum Saint John's Word, Hardhay
Hyphaene thebaica Doum palm, Dum palm
Hypoxis hemerocallidea (= H. rooperi) Bantoe-tulip
Hyssopus officinalis Hyssop
Iberis amara Bitter or White Candytuft
Iberis sempervirens
Ilex aquifolium Holly
Ilex guayusa Guayusa holly, rainforest holly
Ilex paraguariensis Mate
Illicium anisatum Japanese Star Anise
Impatiens balsamina
Impatiens glandulifera Impatiens
Impatiens parviflora
Incarvillea delavayi
Indigofera tinctoria Indian Indigo
Inga spec. (I. edulis) Ice cream beans
Inula helenium Elfdock, Elecampane, Horseheal
Iochroma grandiflorum
Ipomoea aquatica Water spinach
Ipomoea batatas Sweet Potato
Iris aucheri Iris
Iris germanica Iris
Iris hybr. Flag lily, Iris
Iris hyrcanum Iris
Iris pallida Orris Root
Iris pseudacorus Iris
Iris sibirica Iris
Iris unguicularis Iris
Iris versicolor Blue flag
Isatis tinctoria
Jacaranda mimosifolia Jacaranda
Jasminum grandiflorum Common Jasmine, Spanish Jasmine
Jasminum officinale
Jasminum sambac Arabian Jasmine, Tuscan Jasmine
Jatropha curcas Purging nut, Physic nut
Jatropha gossypifolia African coffee, bellyache bush, wild physic nut
Jubaea chilensis Coquito
Juglans neotropica (= J. honorei) Ecuador walnut, nogal
Juglans nigra Black Walnut
Juglans regia Common Walnut
Juncus inflexus
Juncus subnodulosus
Juniperus communis Juniper
Juniperus oxycedrus Cade
Juniperus sabina Savin
Juniperus virginiana Pencil cedar, Eastern red cedar
Justicia betonica Justicia
Justicia gendarussa Justicia
Justicia ventricosa (= Adhatoda ventricosa) Justicia
Kadsura japonica Kadsura
Kalanchoe laciniata
Kalmia latifolia American or Mountain Laurel
Kernera saxatilis
Kigelia africana African Sausage tree
Knautia arvensis Field Scabious
Koelreuteria paniculata Pride of India, Goldenrain Tree
Krameria lappacea (=K. triandra) Rhatany, ratania (span.)
Lablab purpureus (= Dolichos lablab) Hyacinth bean, bonavist bean
Laburnum anagyroides Golden Chain, Beantrefoil
Laburnum watereri x Voss's Laburnum
Lactuca sativa Lettuce
Lactuca sativa var. acephala Lettuce
Lactuca sativa var. capitata Lettuce
Lactuca sativa var. longifolia (syn. romana) Lettuce
Lactuca serriola
Lactuca virosa Hemlock or poisonous lettuce
Lagenaria siceraria Calabash marrow, bottle gourd
Lamiastrum galeobdolon
Lamium album White nettle
Lamium amplexicaule
Lamium maculatum
Lamium purpureum
Laportea canadensis Wood or Canada Nettle, Albany hemp
Larix decidua (= L. europaea) Common Larch
Larrea divaricata (= L. tridentata) Creosote bush
Laserpitium siler
Lathyrus nissolia
Lathyrus pratensis
Lathyrus sativus Grass pea, chickling pea
Lathyrus spec.
Lathyrus sylvestris
Lattleya lawrenceana
Laurus nobilis Laurel
Lavandula angustifolia Common or True Lavender
Lavandula angustifolia, latifolia, hybrida (= intermedia) Common or True Lavender, Spike lavender, Lavandin
Lavandula dentata
Lavandula hybrida x (= x intermedia) Lavender, Lavandin
Lavandula latifolia Spike lavender
Lavandula stoechas French Lavender
Lawsonia inermis Henna
Ledum palustre Marsh tea, wild rosemary
Lemna minor Duckweed
Lens culinaris Lentil
Leonurus cardiaca Motherwort
Lepidium densiflorum
Lepidium latifolium Dittander
Lepidium sativum Garden Cress
Leptospermum flavescens (=L. citratum, petersonii) Yellow or Lemon-scented Tea-tree
Leptospermum scoparium
Leucanthemum adustum
Leucanthemum vulgare Dog or Field Daisy
Leucojum vernum Spring snow-flake
Leucospermum conocarpodendron Tree pincushion
Leuzea conifera
Levisticum officinale Lovage, Bladder Seed
Leycesteria formosa
Licuala spinosa
Ligularia japonica
Ligustrum vulgare Privet
Lilium candidum Madonna or white lily
Lilium martagon Martagon, turk's cap
Lilium tigrinum (=lancifolium)
Linaria alpina
Linaria vulgaris Bridgeweed, gallwort
Linum usitatissimum Flax, Linseed
Lippia dulcis Mexican lippia, Honey herb
Lippia graveolens Mexican oregano, Mexican wild sage
Lippia triphylla (= Aloysia citrodora) Lemon Verbena
Liquidambar formosana
Liquidambar orientalis Oriental sweet gum
Liquidambar styraciflua Sweet Gum, American Storax
Liriodendron tulipifera Tulip tree, Tuliptree
Litchi chinensis Litchi
Lithospermum officinale Gromwell
Litsea japonica
Livistona chinensis (syn. L. borbonica)
Lobelia chinensis Lobelia
Lobelia inflata Indian tobacco
Lolium multiflorum Italian Reygrass
Lolium perenne Perennial Reygrass
Lonicera caprifolium Honeysuckle
Lonicera tatarica
Lonicera xylosteum
Lophatherum gracile
Lophophora williamsii Peyote
Lotus corniculatus Bird's Foot, Trifoil
Luffa cylindrica (=L. aegyptiaca) Loofah, dishcloth gourd
Lupinus albus White Lupin
Lupinus mutabilis Pearl lupin, tarwi, tarhui (indian.)
Lupinus polyphyllus Large-leaved lupin
Lupinus spec.
Luzula nivea
Luzula sylvatica
Lychnis chalcetonica
Lychnis flos-cuculi
Lycium barbarum Barbary wolfberry, common matrimony vine, box thorne
Lycium chinense Chinese Matrimony Vine, Chinese Wolfberry
Lycopersicon esculentum Tomato
Lycopodium annotinum
Lycopodium clavatum kenen
Lycopus europaeus Bugleweed, water bugle
Lycopus virginicus Bugle-weed, bugleweed
Lysimachia nummularia Buck Weed
Lysimachia vulgaris Loosestrife
Lythrum salicaria Blooming sally, willow sage
Macadamia integrifolia (= M. ternifolia) Macadamia Nut, Queensland Nut
Madia sativa
Magnolia denudata Magnolia
Magnolia grandiflora Bull bay
Magnolia kobus var. borealis Kobus Magnolia
Magnolia liliiflora Magnolia
Magnolia obovata Honoki (japanisch)
Magnolia officinalis Medicinal magnolia
Mahonia aquifolium Mountain Grape
Mahonia oiwakensis
Malpighia glabra (= M. punicifolia) Barbados or West Indian Cherry, Acerola
Malus domestica Apple tree
Malva neglecta Common Mallow
Malva sylvestris High Mallow
Malva sylvestris ssp. mauritiana
Mammea americana Mammee, Mammey apple
Mandragora officinarum Mandrake
Mangifera indica Mango tree
Manihot esculenta Cassava, Manioc, Tapioca
Manilkara zapota (= Achras zapota) Sapodilla, Chiku
Maranta arundinacea Arrowroot, Maranta
Marrubium vulgare Common or white horehound
Marsilea quadrifolia
Matricaria recutita (= Chamomilla recutita) Common or True Chamomile
Maytenus boaria
Maytenus octogona Maytenus
Medicago sativa Alfalfa
Medicago varia x
Melaleuca alternifolia Tea tree
Melaleuca armillaris Paperbark
Melaleuca decora Paperbark
Melaleuca leucadendron Long-leaved Paperbark
Melaleuca linariifolia Narrow-leaved Paperbark, snow-in-summer
Melaleuca quinquenervia Five-veined Paperbark, belbowrie
Melaleuca viridiflora Broad-leaved Paperbark
Melia azedarach Persian lilac, Pride of India
Melica ciliata
Melica nutans
Melilotus alba Bokhara or white sweet Clover
Melilotus officinalis Yellow Melilot, King's Clover
Melissa officinalis Balm, Lemon Balm
Melittis melissophyllum
Mentha aquatica Marsh or Water Mint
Mentha arvensis Field or Corn Mint
Mentha longifolia Horse Mint, wild mint
Mentha piperita Pepper Mint, Peppermint
Mentha pulegium Pennyroyal
Mentha rotundifolia
Mentha spicata var. crispa Spear Mint, Spearmint
Menyanthes trifoliata Buckbean, Bogbean
Mercurialis perennis
Mespilus germanica Medlar
Meum athamanticum Bald-money, Mew
Michelia alba
Michelia champaca Champaca
Mimulus guttatus (= M. langsdorffii) Yellow Monkey-flower
Mirabilis expansa
Mirabilis jalapa
Miscantus sinensis
Momordica balsamina Balsam Apple
Monarda didyma American Bee Balm, Oswego Tea
Monarda fistulosa Wild Bergamot
Moneses uniflora (syn. Pyrola uniflora)
Monodora myristica Calabash Nutmeg
Monstera deliciosa
Montia perfoliata (= Claytonia perfoliata)
Morinda citrifolia Indian Mulberry, Brimstone tree
Moringa oleifera Ben nut tree
Morus nigra Mulberry
Mundulea sericea
Murraya koenigii Curry leaf tree
Musa acuminata
Musa paradisiaca x Banana, Plantain
Musa textilis Manila Hemp
Musa velutina Banana
Mycelis muralis
Myosotis arvensis Forget-me-not
Myosotis silvatica Forget-me-not
Myosotis spec. Forget-me-not
Myristica fragrans Nutmeg tree
Myroxylon balsamum Balsam tree
Myrrhis odorata Sweet cicely, british myrrh
Myrsine capitellata Seti Kath
Myrtillocactus geometrizans (= Cereus g.)
Myrtus communis Myrtle
Nandina domestica Sacred Bamboo
Narcissus jonquilla
Narcissus poeticus
Narcissus pseudonarcissus Daffodil, lent lily
Nardus stricta
Nasturtium officinale Water Cress, Watercress
Nelumbo nucifera Sacret or Indian Lotus, Chinese Water Lily
Nepeta cataria Catmint, catswort, catnip
Nepeta catarica
Nephelium lappaceum Rambootan, Rambosteen
Nerium oleander Oleander
Nicolaia elatior
Nicotiana rustica Tobacco
Nicotiana tabacum Tobacco
Nidularium striatum
Nigella arvensis
Nigella damascena
Nigella sativa Small fennel, black cumin

Nuphar lutea Spatterdock, yellow pond lily
Nymphaea alba White Water-lily, Water-rose
Nymphaea caerulea
Nymphoides peltata
Nypa fruticans Nipa palm
Ochroma pyramidale
Ocimum basilicum Common basil
Ocimum gratissimum
Ocimum tenuiflorum (= O. sanctum) Holy basil, Sacred basil
Ocotea quixos Espingo, ishpino (span.)
Oenanthe aquatica Water fennel, horsebane
Oenanthe fistulosa
Oenothera biennis Evening Primrose
Oenothera erythrosepala
Okoubaka aubrevillei
Olea europaea Olive tree
Onobrychis viciifolia Sainfoin
Ononis spinosa Restharrow
Onopordum acanthium Common or woolly thistle
Ophrys holosericea
Opuntia echios Prickly pear cactus
Opuntia ficus-indica Indian Fig, Prickly Pear
Opuntia ficus-indica mit Dactylopius cacti
Orbignya phalerata (= O. speciosa) BabaÁu palm
Orchis mascula
Origanum dictamnus Dittany of crete
Origanum majorana Annual or Sweet Marjoram
Origanum onites Pot majoram, turkish origanum
Origanum vulgare Wild Marjoram
Ornithogalum longibracteatum
Ornithogalum umbellatum Star of Bethlehem
Orobanche caryophyllacea
Orthosiphon aristatus (= spicatus, stamineus) Cat's Whisker, Long-stamened Orthosiphon
Oryza sativa Rice, Paddy
Osmanthus fragrans Osmanthus
Oxalis acetosella Sour trefoil, white or common sorrel
Oxalis tuberosa Oca oxalis
Pachira insignis
Pachyrrhizus erosus Yam bean
Pachystachys lutea
Paeonia officinalis Officinal Peony
Paeonia suffruticosa Hybr. Tree Peony
Panax ginseng Five-fingers, Red Berry
Panax quinquefolium Five-fingers, Red Berry, Ginseng
Pandanus tectorius (=P. odoratissimus, P. odorifer) Screwpine, Umbrella tree
Pandanus utilis Screwpine
Pandanus veitchii
Panicum capillare
Panicum clandestinum
Panicum miliaceum True Millet
Papaver bracteatum
Papaver rhoeas Red or corn poppy, copperose
Papaver somniferum Opium Poppy, White Poppy
Parietaria officinalis Lichwort
Paris chinensis
Paris quadrifolia Herb paris, one berry
Passiflora caerulea
Passiflora edulis Granadille, passion fruit
Passiflora incarnata Rose Colored or White Passion Flower, Maypop
Passiflora ligularis Sweet granadilla, passion fruit
Passiflora molissima (mollissima) Banana passion fruit
Pastinaca sativa Parsnip, Bird's Nest
Paullinia cupana Brazilian cocoa
Paulownia tomentosa Foxglove tree
Peganum harmala
Pelargonium capitatum Geranium
Pelargonium graveolens Geranium
Pelargonium (Hybr.) Geranium
Pelargonium odoratissimum Geranium
Pelargonium sidoides
Pennisetum setaceum
Perilla frutescens Beefsteak plant, perilla mint
Persea americana Avocado, Butter Pear
Petasites hybridus Bog, Butter Bur, Pestilent Wort
Petiveria alliacea
Petroselinum crispum Parsley
Peucedanum ostruthium (= Imperatoria) Masterwort
Peumus boldus Boldo
Phacelia tanacetifolia
Phalaris arundinacea (=Thyphoides a.) Reed Canarygrass
Phaseolus coccineus Scarlet Runner Bean
Phaseolus mungo Black Gram, Urd
Phaseolus vulgaris Common Bean
Philodendron bipinnatifidum
Philodendron erubescens 'Red Emerald'
Phlebodium aureum
Phleum pratense
Phoenix dactylifera Date Palm
Phoenix theophrastii
Phormium tenax New Zealand Flax
Phragmites australis
Phyllanthus acidus Otaheite gooseberry, grosella
Phyllitis scolopendrium Buttonhole, Hartstongue
Phyllostachys pubescens (= Bambusa edulis) Moso bamboo, hairy bamboo
Physalis alkekengi
Physalis peruviana (= P. edulis) Cape Gossberry
Physalis philadelphica (= P. ixocarpa) Mexican husk tomato, jamberry
Physalis pruinosa (= P. pubescens) Strawberry tomato
Physochlaina orientalis
Phyteuma spicatum
Phytolacca americana American nightshade or spinach, bear's grape, Pokeweed
Phytolacca dodecandra Soapberry
Phytolacca esculenta
Picea abies European or Norway Spruce
Picea glauca White spruce
Picea mariana Black spruce, he balsam, spruce pine
Picrasma quassioides Indian quassia wood
Pilocarpus pennatifolius Jaborandi
Pimenta dioica (= P. officinalis) Allspice
Pimenta racemosa Bay oil tree
Pimpinella anisatum Anise
Pimpinella major Great burnet saxifrage
Pimpinella saxifraga Lesser Burnet, Burnet Saxifrage
Pinellia ternata (= P. tuberifera, Arum macrourum)
Pinguicula vulgaris Common butterwort
Pinus canariensis
Pinus cembra Arolla or Swiss Stone Pine
Pinus edulis Pinyon pine, Nut pine
Pinus halepensis Aleppo pine, Jerusalem pine
Pinus mugo Drawf Mountain Pine
Pinus nigra Black or Austrian Pine
Pinus palustris Broom pine, Florida long-leaf pine
Pinus pinaster (= P. maritima) Bournemouth or Maritime Pine
Pinus pinea Italien Stone Pine
Pinus roxburghii Chir Pine, Long-leaved Indian Pine
Pinus strobus Apple or white pine
Pinus sylvestris Scots Pine
Piper betle Betel pepper
Piper cubeba Cubeb, Tailed pepper
Piper methysticum Kawa pepper, Kava-Kava root
Piper nigrum Black or Common Pepper
Piper retrofractum Long pepper
Piper sarmentosum
Pistacia lentiscus Mastic, lentisk
Pistacia terebinthus
Pistacia vera Pistachio, Green Almond
Pisum sativum Pea, Garden Pea
Pisum sativum
Pittosporum glabratum
Plantago afra (= P. psyllium) Black Psyllium
Plantago albicans
Plantago arenaria (=P. indica) Plantain
Plantago coronopus
Plantago lanceolata Ribgrass, Ribwort Plantain
Plantago major Greater or Common Plantain, Ribgrass
Plantago media Hoary or scented plantain
Platanus hybrida Plane
Platanus orientalis Oriental Plane
Platycerium spec.
Platycodon grandiflorum (= Campanula grandiflora) Ballon flower, bell-flower
Plecranthus fruticosus
Plumbago zeylanica Leadwort
Plumeria alba Frangipani
Plumeria obtusa Frangipani
Poa trivialis
Poaceae etc.
Podocarpus falcatus Outeniqua yellowwood
Podophyllum emodi
Podophyllum hexandrum
Podophyllum peltatum May-apple, Mayapple, American mandrake
Pogostemon cablin Patchouli
Polemonium coeruleum Jacob's ladder, greek valerian, charity
Polianthes tuberosa Tuberose
Polycarpon tetraphyllum
Polygala alpestris
Polygala chamaebuxus
Polygonatum multiflorum Sealroot, dropberry
Polygonatum odoratum Drug Salomon seal
Polygonum amphibium
Polygonum aviculare Doorweed, Knotgrass
Polygonum bistorta Snakeweed, Dragonwort
Polygonum chinensis
Polygonum cuspidatum Bushy Knotweed
Polygonum hydropiper Water pepper, smartweed
Polygonum mite
Polygonum tinctorium
Polymnia sonchifolia
Polypodium vulgare
Poncirus trifoliata (= Citrus trifoliata) Trifoliate orange
Populus fremontii Rio Grande or meseta cottonwood, Fremont poplar
Populus italica
Populus nigra Downy Black Poplar
Populus tremula European Aspen
Portulaca oleracea ssp. sativa Common or Garden Purslane
Potentilla anserina Silverweed
Potentilla aurea
Potentilla erecta Tormentill
Potentilla palustris Marsh five-finger
Potentilla reptans Cinquefoil
Pouteria cainito (= Achras cainito)
Pouteria campechiana (= Lucuma nervosa) Yellow Sapote
Pouteria sapota (= Calocarpum sapota) Mammey sapote
Primula auricula Auricula
Primula elatior Oxlip, True Cowslip
Primula hybr. (Polyanthus-Gruppe)
Primula obconica Primrose
Primula veris Cowslip, Paigle
Proboscidea louisianica
Prunella grandiflora
Prunella vulgaris Brunella, woundwort, all heal, self heal
Prunus africana (= Pygeum africanum) Red stinkwood, mueri
Prunus armeniaca Apricot
Prunus avium Cherry
Prunus cerasifera 'Nigra' Cherry plum
Prunus cerasus Sour Cherry
Prunus domestica ssp. domestica Plum
Prunus domestica ssp. insititia
Prunus domestica ssp. italica
Prunus domestica ssp. syriaca
Prunus dulcis (= Amygdalus communis) Almond tree
Prunus laurocerasus Cherry Laurel
Prunus mahaleb St. Lucie Cherry
Prunus padus Bird or Cluster Cherry
Prunus persica Peach
Prunus spinosa Blackthorn
Pseudotsuga menziesii Douglas fir
Psidium friedrichsthalianum Guava
Psidium guajava Common Guava
Psidium littorale (= P. cattleyanum) Strawberry Guava
Ptelea trifoliata Hop tree, Stinking or wafer ash
Pteridium aquilinum Bracken
Pterocarpus marsupium Indian kino tree, malabar kino tree
Pueraria lobata Kudzu
Pulmonaria officinalis Lungwort
Pulsatilla pratensis Meadow Anemone, Pasque Flower
Pulsatilla vulgaris Meadow Anemone, Pasque Flower
Punica granatum Pomegranate, Delima
Putterlickia verrucosa Putterlickia
Puya hamata
Pyrus pyraster (= P. communis) Pear tree
Quararibaea cordata Chupa-chupa, south american zapote
Quassia amara Bitter Wood, Quassia
Quercus cerris Turkey Oak
Quercus ilex Holm or holly oak
Quercus pubescens Downy Oak
Quercus robur Common or Pedunculate Oak
Quercus semecarpifolia Brown Oak
Quercus suber Cork Oak
Quercus velutina (= Q. tinctoria) Black oak
Quillaja saponaria Soap tree, cullay
Rabdosia amethystoides
Ranunculus acris Gold cup, meadowbloom, crowfoot buttercup
Ranunculus arvensis
Ranunculus auricomus
Ranunculus bulbosus Bulbous buttercup, frogsfoot
Ranunculus ficaria (= Ficaria verna) Pilewort
Ranunculus fluitans
Ranunculus lingua
Ranunculus repens
Raphanus sativus var. niger Radish
Raphanus sativus var. sativus Small Radish
Raphia farinifera (=Raphia ruffia) Raphia
Rauvolfia serpentina Snakewood, Serpentina root
Rauvolfia tetraphylla American Serpentwood
Rauvolfia vomitoria Serpentwood, African
Ravenala madagascariensis
Reseda luteola
Reynoutria japonica

Rhamnus alpinus
Rhamnus catharticus Common Buckthorn
Rhamnus purshianus Cascara Buckthorn, Bearberry
Rhamnus saxatilis ssp. tinctorius
Rheum palmatum Chinese Rhubarb
Rheum rhabarbarum Rhubarb
Rhinanthus minor
Rhizophora mangle Red mangrove
Rhododendron ferrugineum Rusty-leaved alpenrose
Rhododendron ponticum Hybr.
Rhododendron simsii
Rhus aromatica Fragrant or sweet sumach, polecat-bush
Rhus glabra Common or Smooth Sumach
Rhus toxicodendron Poison Ivy, Poison Sumach, Poison oak
Rhus typhina Bucks'horn, Nonpoisonous Sumach
Ribes nigrum Black Currant
Ribes rubrum Red Currant
Ribes rubrum (Variet‰t) Currant
Ribes sanguineum
Ribes uva-crispa Gossberry
Ricinus communis Castor Bean, Palma Christi
Robinia pseudoacacia False Acacia, Black Locust
Rorippa sylvestris
Rosa canina Dog Rose, Hip, Sweet Briar
Rosa centifolia Pale rose, Cabbage rose
Rosa damascena x Damask rose
Rosa gallica 'Officinalis' French rose
Rosa hybr. Roses
Rosa rugosa
Rosa sempervirens
Rosmarinus officinalis Rosemary
Roystonia regia Cuban royal palm
Rubia tinctorum Dyer's madder, robbia
Rubus fruticosus Blackberry
Rubus idaeus Raspberry
Rubus loganobaccus Logan berry
Rumex acetosa (= R. rugosus) Garden Sorrel, Sheep sorrel
Rumex alpinus
Rumex crispus Curled or yellow dock
Rumex obtusifolius
Rumex patientia Patience Dock
Rumex scutatus
Ruscus aculeatus Knee holly, kneeholm, pettigree
Ruta graveolens Garden Rue, Bitter Herb
Saccharum officinarum Sugar Cane

Sagittaria sagittifolia Arrowhead
Salix alba White Willow
Salix caprea Goat or Pussy Willow
Salix daphnoides
Salix triandra Allmond-leaved or French Willow
Salix viminalis Osier
Salvadora persica (= S. indica) Salt bush, toothbrush tree, mustard tree
Salvia candelabrum
Salvia lavandulifolia (S. officinalis ssp. lavandulifolia) Spanish sage
Salvia officinalis Common or Garden Sage
Salvia pratensis
Salvia sclarea Clary or Muscatel Sage
Salvia triloba Greek or Three-lobed Sage
Salvinia natans
Sambucus ebulus Danewort, Dwarf Elder
Sambucus nigra Common or European Elder, Boure tree
Sambucus racemosa
Sanguinaria canadensis Bloodroot, indian red paint
Sanguisorba minor Salad Burnet
Sanguisorba officinalis Salad Burnet
Sanicula europaea Wood Sanicle
Sansevieria trifasciata Bowstring hemp
Santalum album Sandal tree
Santalum freycinetianum Hawaiian sandelwood tree
Santolina chamaecyparissus Lavender cotton, santolina
Sapium sebiferum Chinese tallow tree
Saponaria officinalis Soapwort, Bouncing bet
Sarcandra glabra
Sassafras albidum var. molle Ague tree, Cinnamon Wood, Saxifrax
Satureja hortensis Summer Savory
Satureja montana Winter Savory
Saussurea costus (= S. lappa) Costus
Saxifraga granulata
Saxifraga paniculata (= S. aizoon)
Saxifraga stellaris
Saxifraga tridactylites
Schefflera actinophylla Octopus tree
Schinus molle var. areira California Pepper tree, Peruvian Pepper tree
Schinus terebinthifolius Brazilian pepper tree, Christmas-berry tree
Schisandra chinensis Chinese mock-barberry, lemon wood
Schlumbergera hybr.
Schoenoplectus lacustris
Schomburgkia undulata
Scilla siberica
Scopolia carniolica Japanese Belladonna, Scopola
Scorzonera hispanica Black Salsify
Scrophularia nodosa Knotted figwort, kernelwort
Scutellaria barbata Panchihlien
Secale cereale Rye
Sechium edule Chayote
Sedum acre Wall-pepper
Sedum album
Sedum reflexum Jenny stonecrop
Sedum telephium Livelong, Orpine
Selenicereus grandiflorus Large or Night Blooming Cereus
Sempervivum tectorum Ayron, bullock's eye, Jupiter's eye
Senecio aureus Golden Ragwort, Golden Senecio, Squaw weed
Senecio erucifolius
Senecio fuchsii Life root, squaw weed
Senecio jacobaea Common or Tansy Ragwort
Senecio vulgaris Grinsel, Bidseed, Chickenweed
Serenoa repens (= Sabal serrulata) Saw Palmetto
Serratula tinctoria
Sesamothamnus guerichii Herero sesame bush
Sesamum indicum (= S. orientale) Sesame, Gingelly, Beniseed
Setaria glauca
Setaria italica Foxtail Millet, Indian Millet
Setaria viridis
Shorea robusta Sal
Sida cordifolia Sida
Silene alba
Silene linicola
Silene nutans
Silene vulgaris
Silybum marianum Marian thistle, milk thistle
Simmondsia chinesis Jojoba
Sinapis alba White Mustard
Sinapis arvensis Charlock, wild mustard
Sisymbrium officinale (= Erysimum officinale) Bank cress, bank mustard, irio, erysimon
Sium sisarum
Smilax aspera
Smilax china China root
Smyrnium olusatrum
Solanum aviculare (= S. laciniatum) Kangaroo-apple
Solanum dulcamara Bittersweet, Climbing Nightshade
Solanum hyporhodium (= S. topiro) Cocona
Solanum mammosum Apple of Sodom, Nipple nightshade
Solanum melongena Egg plant, Eggplant
Solanum muricatum Melon pear
Solanum nigrum Black or Garden Nightshade
Solanum pseudocapsicum Coral sherry shrub, Jerusalem cherry, Winter cherry
Solanum quitoense Naranjilla
Solanum sisymbriifolium
Solanum torvum Terong pipit
Solanum tuberosum Potato
Soldanella alpina
Solidago canadensis Golden rod, Sweet goldenrod
Solidago gigantea Golden rod
Solidago virgaurea Golden Rod
Sonchus asper
Sophora japonica Pagoda tree
Sorbus aria Whitebeam
Sorbus aucuparia Mountain Ash, Rowan
Sorbus aucuparia var. edulis Mountain Ash, Rowan
Sorbus domestica Service tree
Sorbus mougeotii Pyrenean Whitebeam
Sorbus torminalis Wild Service tree
Sorghum bicolor (= S. vulgare) Sorghum, Great Millet
Sorghum dochna
Sparganium erectum
Sparmannia africana African hemp
Spartium junceum Rush or Spanish Broom
Spathodaea campanulata
Spergula arvensis
Spinacia oleracea Spinach
Spondias dulcis (= S. cytherea) Golden Apple
Spondias purpurea
Stachys affinis (= S. sieboldii) Japanese Artichoke
Stachys byzantina
Stachys geobombycis
Stachys palustris Marsh woundwort or stachys
Stachys recta
Staphylea pinnata
Stellaria media (= Alsine) Common Chickweed, Satinflower
Sterculia africana Sterculia
Sterculia foetida Bastardpoon
Stevia rebaudiana
Stipa pennata
Stipa tenacissima Halfa
Stratiotes aloides
Strelitzia nicolai
Strelitzia reginae
Strophanthus divaricatus Goat Horns
Strophanthus gratus Smooth Strophanthus
Strychnos nux-vomica Nux-vomica, Poison nut, Strychnine tree
Styrax benzoin Benjamin tree, Benzoin
Succisa pratensis Devil's bit, ofbit, premorse scaboius
Sutherlandia frutescens Cancer bush
Swietenia mahagoni
Syagrus coronata Ouricuri, Uricuri, Licuri
Symphoricarpos albus Snow berry
Symphytum asperum
Symphytum officinale Wallwort, comfrey, boneset
Synsepalum dulcificum
Syringa vulgaris
Syzygium aromaticum (= Caryophyllus aromaticum) Clove tree
Syzygium cumini Java plum, Indian allspice, jambol, jambul, Black plum
Syzygium jambos Rose Apple, Malabar plum tree
Syzygium samarangense
Tabebuia impetignosa Lapacho, IpÈ roxo, Taheebo
Tacca leontopetaloides East Indian or Tahiti Arrowroot
Tagetes patula
Tamarindus indica Tamarind tree
Tamarix gallica
Tamus communis Blackeye root, black bryony
Tanacetum balsamita (= Chrysanthemum majus) Alecost, costmary, garden-balsam
Tanacetum cinerariifolium (= Chrysanthemum cinerariifolium) Dalmatian Pyrethrum
Tanacetum parthenium (= Chrsyanthemum parthenium) Featherfew, feverfew, midsummer daisy
Tanacetum vulgare Tansy, parsley fern, daisy, bitter buttons
Taraxacum officinale Common Dandelion, Blow Ball
Taxodium distichium Swamp or Bald Cypress
Taxus baccata Yew tree
Tectona grandis Teak
Terminalia bellirica (=T. bellerica) Belliric myrobalan, bedda nut tree
Terminalia catappa Indian almond tree
Terminalia chebula Black Myrobalan, Harro
Terminalia sericea Silver terminalia, silver cluster-leaf
Tetraclinis articulata Sandarach, gum juniper
Tetragonolobus purpureus, (= Lotus tetragonolobus) Astragalus Pea
Tetrapanax papyrifer Rice Paper tree
Teucrium chamaedrys Common Germander
Teucrium marum Cat Thyme
Teucrium montanum
Teucrium scorodonia Wood Germander
Thalictrum flavum
Thamnochortus insignis Albertinia thatching reed
Theobroma cacao Cacao tree
Thespesia populnea Portia tree
Thevetia peruviana
Thlaspi montanum
Thrinax barbadensis
Thuja occidentalis American Arborvitae, Nothern white cedar
Thuja orientalis (= Biota orientalis) Oriental Arborvitae
Thymus citriodorus Lemon thyme
Thymus serpyllum Creeping or Wild Thyme
Thymus vulgaris Common or Garden Thyme
Tilia cordata Small-leaved Lime
Tilia platyphyllos Large-leaved Lime
Tillandsia bergeri
Tillandsia seleriana
Trachycarpus fortunei Windmill Palm
Trachylobium verrucosum
Tragopogon dubius
Tragopogon porrifolius ssp. sativus Salsify
Trapa natans Water caltrop
Trichosanthes cucumerina var. anguina Snake gourd
Trifolium arvense Hare's foot trefoil
Trifolium dubium
Trifolium incarnatum Crimson Clover
Trifolium pratense Common or Red Clover
Trifolium repens Dutch or White Clover
Trifolium resupinatum Persian Clover
Trigonella coerulea (= T. caerulea) Blue-white Trigonella
Trigonella foenum-graecum Fenugreek, Greek hayes
Trisetum flavescens
Triticum aestivum Wheat
Triticum boeoticum var. thaoudar
Triticum compactum
Triticum dicoccon
Triticum durum
Triticum monococcum
Triticum Secale x
Triticum spelta
Triticum turgidum
Trollius europaeus
Tropaeolum majus Capucin Cress
Tropaeolum tuberosum
Tsuga heterophylla Western Hemlock
Tulipa hybr.
Tulipa sylvestris
Tussilago farfara Bull's or Horse Foot, Colt's foot
Ulex europaeus Gorse
Ullucus tuberosus
Ulmus glabra Scotch or Mountain Elm
Ulmus minor Smooth-leaved Elm
Uncaria rhynchophylla Kagikazura
Urena lobata Aramina fibre, Congo jute
Urginea maritima Squill, Sea Onion
Urtica cannabina
Urtica dioica Nettle Wort, Stinging nettle
Urtica urens Nettle
Ustilago maydis Boil smut of corn
Vaccinium corymbosum Highbush Blueberry
Vaccinium myrtillus Common Blueberry, Bilberry
Vaccinium uliginosum Bogbilberry
Vaccinium vitis-idaea Cowberry, Mountain Cranberry
Valeriana jatamansi (= wallichii) Indian valerian
Valeriana officinalis Common Valerian, Allheal
Valerianella locusta Corn Salad
Valerianella spec.
Vanilla planifolia Vanilla
Veitchia merrillii
Veratrum album White hellebore
Veratrum nigrum
Verbascum densiflorum (= V. thapsiforme) Mullein
Verbascum nigrum
Verbascum phlomoides Mullein
Verbena officinalis Common or European Vervain, Verbena
Veronica beccabunga Brooklime, Speedwellwort
Veronica chamaedrys
Veronica officinalis Speedwell, Common Medicinal-tea
Veronica persica
Veronica virginica Virginia Speedwell, Leptandra Culver's Physics
Vetiveria zizanioides Vetiver
Viburnum lantana
Viburnum opulus Snowball tree, european cranberry
Viburnum prunifolium Black Haw
Vicia faba Broad Bean
Vicia sativa Common Vetch
Vigna radiata (= Phaseolus aureus) Green gram, golden gram, mung
Vigna unguiculata ssp. cylindrica Catjang, hindu cowpea
Vigna unguiculata ssp. sesquipedalis Cowpea
Vinca major Greater Periwinkle
Vinca minor Common or Lesser Periwinkle
Vincetoxicum hirundinaria Swallows Wort
Viola lutea Great Yellow Pansy
Viola odorata Blue or Sweet Scented Violet
Viola reichenbachiana (=V. sylvestris)
Viola tricolor Pansy, Heart's-ease
Virola calophylloidea
Viscum album Mistletoe, Masslin
Vitex agnus-castus Monk's Pepper tree, Chaste tree, Hemp tree
Vitis vinifera Grape Vine
Watsonia borbonica Watsonia
Wedelia chinensis Wedelia
Welwitschia mirabilis Welwitschia
Withania somnifera Winter cherry
Xanthorrhoea semiplana ssp. tateana Grass tree
Xanthosoma sagittifolium Malanga, New Cocoyam
Xysmalobium undulatum Uzara, Bitterwortel, Milk bush
Yucca elephantipes Yucca
Yucca filamentosa Yucca, Adam's needle
Zantedeschia aethiopica Arum lily, cape arum, white calla lily
Zanthoxylum armatum (=Z. alatum) Toothache tree
Zanthoxylum nitidum Shiny bramble
Zanthoxylum piperitum Japanese prickly-ash, Japanese pepper
Zea mays Corn, Maize
Zingiber gracile
Zingiber mioga Japanese Ginger
Zingiber officinalis Ginger
Zingiber zerumbet Zerumbet ginger, lempoyang
Zizania aquatica Indian rice
Ziziphus jujuba (= Z. mauritiana, Z. vulgaris) Common Jujube, Chinese date
Tetragonia tetragonioides New Zealand Spinach
Brassica juncea Indian mustard
Chrysanthemum coronarium Crown daisy, garland chrysanthemum
Delphinium pictum
Cucumis metuliferus Horned cucumber
Hottonia palustris Water violet
Illicium verum Star Anise,,,